民生权适用中的核心问题研究——由排除妨害纠纷案件引发的思考

The Research of the Core Issues in the Practice of “People's Livelihood Right”

在社会发展的过程中,民生保障始终是重要的社会任务。近年来,民生权作为一项新型权利被提出后,在理论界和实务界都受到了一定关注。然而,由于民生权保护的利益并不同于具体的法律权利和宪法权利,因此当民生权作为一项具体权利在适用过程中,就会面临权利定性、权利行使范围以及义务责任主体等方面的具体问题。对于民生权的性质并不应当片面理解为一种宪法权利,更不是一项部门法上的单独权利,它的运行和落实需要通过与部门法规则的衔接来实现,对民生权的适用需要加以相应限制条件,并应明确国家是民生权当然的义务主体,法人、其他组织在有规定的情况下也会承担相应的民生权义务,而个人决不能被认定为民生权义务主体,否则就会造成民生权滥用和法律规则适用的混乱。

During the development of society, the protection of people’s livelihood is an important assignment. Recently, as a new type right, people’s livelihood right is highly concerned. However, because of the interests of the people＇s livelihood rights are different from the specific legal rights and constitutional rights, so during using process of people’s livelihood right, which will face to the determining of nature, the range of the right and the subject of obligation. As for these questions, the nature of the people＇s livelihood right should not be understanding as a kind of constitutional right and a simple legal right, Its operation and implementation need to be realized through the connection of the rules of the Department, it should be settle some restrict conditions for the use of people’s livelihood right, It should be clear that the state is the main subject of obligation of the people＇s livelihood right, based on the provision, juridical person and other organizations will bear the obligations and individuals should not be identified as the subject of obligation, otherwise it will lead to the abuse of people＇s livelihood right and the application of legal rules.