论环境影响评价审查结论的法律效力

Research on the Legal Force of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)Result

环评制度是环境法中预防原则的重要体现,而环评审查结论的法律效力决定了环评能否实际地发挥预防环境污染、生态破坏的功能。关于环评审查结论的法律效力主要有两种制度设计,即实体否决权效力与"纯程序"约束效力。我国环评审查结论具有实体否决权效力,即环评审查结论将决定是否批准项目开发。因我国环评实效欠缺,实体否决权效力受到质疑。但忽略"重实体、轻程序"法律传统及一味追求经济增长的现状,而简单追求"纯程序"约束效力的方法亦不可取。

Environmental impact assessment is an important manifestation of the precautionary principle in environmental law,and the result of EIA determines whether EIA actually plays a role in preventing environmental pollution and ecological damage.There are two main system designs,e.g.the entity veto effect and＂purely procedural＂binding effect.EIA result in our country has an entity veto effect,which determines whether the project development should be approved.However,the entity veto effect is often under question due to lack of actual effect in practice.Considering this,it is not acceptable to neglect the legal tradition of giving importance to entity and ignoring procedure in order to pursue rapid economic growth,nor is it wise to simply pursue pure procedure.