考虑电动轮转矩波动的汽车悬架液压衬套设计

Design of Hydraulic Bushings for Electric Wheel Suspension System Considering Torque Ripple

悬架衬套作为汽车振动的重要传递部件对于衰减汽车振动有着重要作用,在轮毂电机驱动电动汽车中,电机的转矩波动会引起车身的宽频纵向振动,传统的橡胶衬套因在宽频范围内阻尼特性变化不大,无法在特定的频带上产生大阻尼来迅速衰减振动。引入液压衬套可以衰减电动轮悬架中特定频带的转矩波动激励,首先建立了能够准确描述液压衬套力学性能的有限元模型,然后对液压衬套进行了力学性能敏感因素分析,最后根据敏感因素分析结果和振动传递特性对液压衬套进行结构参数设计,结果表明通过合理设计液压衬套的橡胶剪切模量、惯性通道横截面积和通道数量等参数,可以显著减小驱动电机转矩波动对车身纵向振动的影响,使车身纵向力振动在0～120 Hz范围内衰减13.4%。

As the important transmission part of the vehicle vibration,the suspension bushing has a significant effect on weakening the vehicle vibration. In the wheel drive electric vehicle,the broadband frequency longitudinal vibration of the vehicle body will be caused by the torque ripple of the hub motor.The traditional rubber bushing has small changes of damping characteristics in broadband frequency ranges and it will not generate high damping to weaken the vibration rapidly on specific frequency band as well. So the hydraulic bushings were used to attenuate the excitation of torque ripple in particular frequency band. Firstly,the accurate finite element model was established and applied to analyze the sensitive factors of mechanical properties of the hydraulic bushing. Then,the design of the hydraulic bushing was performed according to the results of the analyzed sensitive factors. The results illustrated that the hydraulic bushing could substantially decrease the influence on the vehicle body longitudinal vibration by 13. 4% whining the range of 0 ~ 120 Hz through the reasonable parameters design of rubber shear modulus of the hydraulic bushing,the cross section area of the channel and the numbers of channels,which also supplies the reference of the suspension structure design of the distributed driving electric vehicle.