几种忍冬属植物花粉离体萌发研究

Study on Pollen Germination in vitro for Several Species of Lonicera

为了探讨忍冬属（Lonicera Linn.）植物花粉萌发特性,为有性杂交奠定基础,研究了不同质量分数的蔗糖溶液（15%,20%,25%,30%）对贯月忍冬（L.sempervirens Linn.）离体花粉的萌发作用,分别进行了不同花粉采集时间（8：00~18：00）和不同培养温度（15℃,20℃,25℃,30℃）对4种离体花粉的萌发影响.结果表明30%蔗糖＋0.01%硼酸的培养液中贯月忍冬花粉萌发迅速、萌发率高,可以作为测定花粉萌发的培养基;贯月忍冬、＂格雷姆＂忍冬（L.periclymenum＂Geleimu＂）和滇西忍冬（L.buchananii Lace）早晨8：00采集的花粉萌发率高,红白忍冬（L.japonica var Chinensis）18：00采集的花粉萌发率显著高于其他时间;25℃条件下贯月忍冬离体花粉萌发速度快,4h萌发率为95.1%;30℃条件下＂京红久＂忍冬（L.×heckrottii）、滇西忍冬和红白忍冬萌发率高,4h萌发率分别为12.4%,84.7%,34.1%;贯月忍冬、＂京红久＂忍冬、滇西忍冬离体花粉在25℃和30℃条件下差异不具有统计学意义,红白忍冬差异具有统计学意义.不同品种间花粉萌发率存在明显差异,贯月忍冬的花粉萌发率最高.

In order to investigate pollen germination characteristics of Lonicera Linn.species and lay a foundation for their sexual hybridization,the authors studied in vitro pollen germination of L.sempervirens at different sucrose concentrations（15%,20%,25% and 30%）.Four kinds of pollen were collected at different times of the day（8：00-18：00）and let to germinate in vitro at different temperatures（15℃,20 ℃,25 ℃ and 30℃）.The results showed that the pollen of L.sempervirens germinated quickly in the culture liquid containing 30% sucrose＋0.01% boric acid with a high germination rate,which could be used as a pollen germination medium.The pollen of L.sempervirens Linn.,L.periclymenum ＂Geleimu＂and L.buchananii Lace.had high germination rate when collected at 8：00a.m.,and the pollen of L.japonica var.chinensis collected at 18：00p.m.had significantly higher germination rate than that collected at other times.Under the condition of 25 ℃,the pollen of L.sempervirens Linn.germinated in vitro quickly,with a germination rate of 95.1%in 4h.The pollen of L.×heckrottii,L.buchananii Lace and L.japonica var.chinensis gave a high germination rate at 30 ℃,being 12.4%,84.7% and 12.4%,respectively,in 4h.No significant difference was noticed between 25℃and 30℃in pollen germination rate of L.sempervirens,L.×heckrottii and L.buchananii Lace,while a significant difference was recorded for L.japonica var.chinensis.Pollen germination rate was significantly different between different varieties,being the highest for L.sempervirens Linn.