环境规制、要素投入结构与工业行业转型升级

Environmental Regulation,Factor Input Structure and Industrial Transformation

要素投入结构的差异决定着行业应对环境规制行为的差异。基于异质性行业的差异化行为机制,本文构建了环境规制、要素投入结构与工业行业转型升级的理论模型,并采用2002—2012年间中国工业行业的省际面板数据对理论模型进行了实证检验。理论研究发现环境规制对工业行业转型升级的影响呈现J型特征,J型曲线的拐点取决于环境规制的资源配置扭曲效应和技术效应在污染密集行业和清洁行业间的相对大小。实证结果验证了这一结论,并发现环境规制对工业行业转型升级的影响在东、中、西三个区域均呈现J型特征,但J型曲线拐点处对应的环境规制强度存在较大差异,东部最低、西部最高。因此,政府应根据该特点选择恰当的治理时机,实施差异化的区域性环境规制政策。

Based on the difference of heterogeneous industries, this paper developed a theoretical model considering environmental regulalion, factor input structure, and industrial transformation, then tested the theoretical model using panel data of industries in China from 2002 to 2012 empirically. The theoretical findings show that the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial transformation is a J-shape curve, and the inflection point of J-shape curve depends on the tradeoff between distorting effect of resource allocation and technical effect of environmental regulation in heterogeneous industries. The empirical results verify the findings above, and address the impact of environmental regulation on industrial transformation presents J-shape feature in the eastern, central and western regions. However, environmental regulation intensity at inflection point of J-shape curve is different among three regions, which is lowest in the east and highest in the west. Therefore, the government should choose the proper timing of treatment, and implement differentiated environmental regulations and policies in various areas.