SPME-GC-MS联用分析川红、滇红和祁红香气成分

SPME-GC-MS Analysis of Aromatic Components in Sichuan Black Tea, Yunnan Black Tea and Qimen Black Tea

采用固相微萃取(SPME)结合气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用法对川红、滇红和祁红香气成分进行分析.结果表明:共检测到150种香气化合物,其中川红和滇红均为79种,祁红为89种,共有芳樟醇及其氧化物、香叶醇、水杨酸甲酯、苯乙醇、橙花叔醇、苯乙醛等33种成分是三个红茶中的共有成分.在主体香气成分方面,川红中检出香叶醇、芳樟醇、苯乙醇、芳樟醇氧化物Ⅱ、水杨酸甲酯、δ-杜松萜烯等18种,滇红中检出芳樟醇、水杨酸甲酯、香叶醇、芳樟醇氧化物Ⅱ、芳樟醇氧化物Ⅳ、苯乙醇等16种,祁红中检出香叶醇、芳樟醇、芳樟醇氧化物Ⅱ、苯乙醇、水杨酸甲酯等26种.川红和祁红表现出花果香可能与香叶醇、芳樟醇、水杨酸甲酯等主体香气成分含量较高有关.川红、滇红和祁红的萜烯指数分别为0.47、0.72和0.40,表明川红和祁红香气高锐,属于高香型红茶,这与感官审评结果一致.

The aromatic components in Sichuan black tea, Yunnan black tea and Qimen black tea were analyzed with the method of SPME-GC-MS. The results show that 150 aromatic components are detected in these black teas. There exist 79 aromatic components in Sichuan black tea and Yunnan black tea respectively and 89 aromatic components in Qimen black tea. And 33 aromatic components including linalool and its oxides, geraniol, methyl salicylate, phenylethyl alcohol, nerolidol and benzene acetaldehyde are common components in these teas. There exist 18 main aromatic components in- cluding geraniol, linalool, phenylethyl alcohol, linalool oxide II, methyl salicylate and delta-cadinene in Sichuan black tea, 16 aromatic components including hnalool, methyl salicylate, geraniol, linalool oxide II, geraniol, linalool oxide IV and phenylethyl alcohol in Yunnan black tea, 26 aromatic components including geraniol, linalool, linalool oxide II, phenylethyl alcohol and methyl salicylate in Qimen black tea. The floral and fruity scent in Sichuan black tea and Qimen black tea is probably caused by the high content of geraniol, tinalool and methyl salicylate. The terpene index of Sichuan black tea, Yunnan black tea and Qimen black tea is 0.47, 0.72 and 0.40, respectively, therefore, Sichuan black tea and Qimen black tea have high aroma, that accords with the results of sensory evaluation.