桑寄生(Taxillus sutchuenensis)对其栖生寄主植物基本要求和选择的调查

A Study of Taxillus Sutchuenensis' s Basic Requirements and Selection of Host Plant

目的:弄清桑寄生(Taxillus sutchuenensis)对其寄主植物的基本要求和选择,为其人工种植提供参考依据。方法:通过对贵州省贵阳市河滨公园内的桑寄生及其栖生寄主植物进行调查和研究,对桑寄生寄主植物科的分门、桑寄生在寄主上的生长位置和桑寄生寄主光照强度作了详细调查,以探讨桑寄生对栖生的寄主植物基本要求和选择。结果:(1)在贵阳市河滨公园内调查的桑寄生的寄主植物共有15种,属被子门植物有13种,属裸子植物门植物有2种;15种植物中包括10种落叶乔木,2种落叶小乔木、2种常绿乔木和1种落叶灌木,桑寄生在落叶乔木上的数量多于非落叶乔木上的数量;(2)光照强度强的位置(寄主冠层)桑寄生生长数量多且茂盛,光照强度较弱的位置(寄主中间层)桑寄生数量少,光照强度弱的位置(寄主内层)桑寄生数量少或基本不生长。结论:在贵州省贵阳市河滨公园内,桑寄生主要选择被子植物中的落叶乔木和寄主植物光照强度强的位置生长。

Objective： To make clear the basic requirements and selection on host plant of Taxillus sutchuenensis, and provide reference for its artificial cultivation. Method：Taxillus sutchuenensis and its hosts plant, which grow in Hebin Park, were studied in this paper. A detailed investigation was made on the discrimination about host family of Taxillus sutchuenensis, growth position on the host and the light intensity of mistletoe host. Results： There are fifteen kinds of host plants in this park, including thirteen kinds of angiosperm and two kinds of gymnosperm. In addition, there are ten species of deciduous trees, two small falling leaves trees, two kinds of evergreen trees and only one deciduous shrub, in the fifteen kinds of host plants. The quantity of Taxillus sutchuenensis on the deciduous trees is more than the quantity on non-deciduous trees. Taxillus sutchuenensis grow more lush in the position of the strong light intensity （canopy） on the host. On the contrary, the quantity of it is few and far between in the position of weak light intensity （inner）. Conclusion： In Guiyang City Riverside Park in Guizhou Province, Taxillus sutchuenensis mainly makes a selection to grow on angiosperms on deciduous trees in the position of strong light intensity.