西安市某商场夏季热湿环境的测试与评价

Test and Analysis of Thermal Environment of a Mall in Xi'an in Summer

为研究西安市某商场夏季室内热湿环境状况,对该商场室内热湿环境进行测试和对顾客进行问卷调查,测试区域包括餐饮区(负一层)、服装区(一层)、箱包区(一层)、鞋区(二层)和日化区(二层)。根据测试结果,采取GB/T 50785—2012《民用建筑室内热湿环境评价标准》推荐的计算法(评价指标为PMV、PPD)对商场内热湿环境进行整体评价,结合问卷调查结果分析顾客的热感觉和环境耐受性。商场不同楼层的相对湿度分层明显。仅服装区、箱包区和日化区的舒适度整体评价等级为Ⅱ级,其余均为Ⅲ级。商场内整体偏热,仅服装区和箱包区的PPD均值小于20%。餐饮区和鞋区的TSV(热感觉投票值)均值大于PMV均值,服装区、箱包区和日化区的TSV均值小于PMV均值,说明人们在较为不舒适的热环境下耐受性减弱,在相对舒适的热环境下耐受性增强。

In order to study the indoor thermal environment status of a mall in Xi＇ an in summer, the indoor thermal environment of the mall was tested, and a questionnaire survey was conducted among customers. The test areas include rive floor） , clothing area （ area （at the first floor）, a dining area （at the negaat the first floor）, luggage shoe area （at the second floor） and cosmetic area （at the second floor）. According to the test results, the overall thermal environment of the mall is evaluated by the PMV-PPD evaluation method which is recommended by the Evaluation Standard for Indoor Thermal Environment in Civil Buildings （ GB/T 50785-2022 ）, and the thermal sensation and environmental tolerance of customers are analyzed combined with the results of the questionnaire survey. The stratification of relative humidity in different floors is obvious. The overall comfortable evalua- tion level of clothing, luggage and cosmetic areas of the mall is level II , and that of the other areas is level III respectively. The overall thermal environment of the mall is partially hot, the average value of PPD of clothing area and luggage area is less than 20%, the average value of TSV （ thermal sensation vote） of dining area and shoe area is greater than the PMV, the average val- ue of TSV of clothing area, luggage area and cosmetic area is less than the PMV. It shows that the tolerance of customers decreases in relatively less comfortable thermal environment, but that increases in relatively more comfortable thermal environment.