少肌症对骨骼肌的影响、分子机制及其防治

Skeletal muscle sarcopenia:molecular mechanisms,prevention and treatment

背景:了解少肌症对骨骼肌危害与影响、分子机制、发展其防治手段是急需解决的问题。目的:总结并分析少肌症机制研究新进展,对缓解老年人肌肉质量功能恢复、促进肌肉再生提供理论支撑。方法:以"sarcopenia;skeletal mucsle;mechanism;therapy"为英文检索词;"少肌症;骨骼肌;机制;治疗"为中文检索词,由第一作者检索2005至2015年PubM ed数据库以及万方数据库相关文献,对其中31篇文献进行系统整理、总结和分析。结果与结论:少肌症与线粒体呼吸链脱失造成的氧化应激、调控卫星细胞激活的因子表达受抑制、胰岛素产生减少、敏感性下降、低蛋饮食习惯、蛋白合成下降、关系密切。少肌症与失用肌萎缩有一些共性问题和机制。有效缓解少肌症的运动方案及膳食需要摸索。

BACKGROUND：There is an urgent need to explore the loss of skeletal muscle mass during aging （sarcopenia）, and its molecular mechanisms of action, and prevention and treatment strategies. OBJECTIVE：To summarize the latest progress in molecular mechanisms of sarcopenia, and to provide a fundamental for promoting functional recovery and regeneration of skeletal muscle. METHODS：A computer-based online search was conducted in PubMed and Wanfang databases from 2005 to 2015 to screen the relevant literatures using Chinese and English key words“sarcopenia, skeletal muscle, mechanism, therapy”, respectively. Consequently, 31 eligible literatures were col ected, summarized, and analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Sarcopenia is closely correlated with oxidative stress caused by mitochondrial respiratory failure, inhibition of activating factors for regulating satel ite cel s, reduction in insulin secretion, decreased sensitivity, protein synthesis, and low protein diet. There are common features and molecular mechanisms in sarcopenia and disuse muscle atrophy. Further exploration of exercise and diet strategies for the treatment of sarcopenia is required.