不同牙种植体系统对种植体周围骨组织吸收的影响

Effects of different dental implant systems on the peri-implant bone absorption

背景:种植体周围骨组织吸收情况与修复效果密切相关。目的:对比3种牙种植体系统对种植体周围骨组织吸收的影响。方法:纳入116例接受牙体种植修复患者,其中46例置入3I种植体系统,40例置入ITI种植体系统,30例置入BLB种植体系统,置入后1,3,6,9,12个月,检测3组种植体周围骨吸收量、龈沟出血指数与牙周探诊深度。结果与结论:(1)骨吸收量:3组置入后1年的种植体周围骨组织骨吸收量呈不断增长趋势,不同种植体的增长幅度不同;BLB组置入3,12个月的骨吸收量显著高于ITI组、3I组(P<0.05);(2)龈沟出血指数:3组置入后不同时期的龈沟出血指数与天然牙相比均有升高,BLB组置入6个月时的龈沟出血指数显著高于天然牙(P<0.05),3组置入9个月时的龈沟出血指数均显著高于天然牙(P<0.05);(3)牙周探诊深度:置入后6个月,3组牙周探诊深度呈不断增长趋势,3组置入后不同时期的探诊深度均高于天然牙,但仅在6,9个月时比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);(4)结果表明:3种牙体种植系统对种植体周围骨组织吸收的影响不同,但都有较好的临床疗效。

BACKGROUND： The peri-implant bone absorption is closely related to the repair effect. OBJECTIVE： To compare the effects of three kinds of dental implant systems on the peri-implant bone absorption. METHODS： 116 patients who underwent the dental implant systems were collected, including 46 cases with 31 implant system, 40 cases with 171 implant system and 30 cases with BLB implant system. The peri-implant bone absorption, sulcus bleeding index and periodontal probing depth of three groups were detected at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after implantation, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： The peri-implant bone absorption of three groups within 1 year after implantation was in a rise, and the bone absorption of BLB group was significantly higher than that of ITI and 31 groups at 3 and 12 months after implantation （P 〈 0.05）. Compared with the natural teeth, the gingival sulcus bleeding index of three groups were all increased at different time points after implantation; the gingival sulcus bleeding index of BLB group was significantly higher than that of natural teeth at 6 months after implantation （P 〈 0.05）; the gingival sulcus bleeding index of three groups were significantly higher than that of natural teeth at 9 months after implantation （P 〈 0.05）. The periodontal probing depth of three groups showed an ascending trend at 6 months after implantation; the periodontal probing depth of three groups was higher than that of natural teeth at different time points after implantation, which exhibited significant differences at 6 and 9 months after implantation （P 〈 0.05）. In conclusion, three kinds of dental implant systems exhibit differet effects on the peri-implant bone absorption, but all achieve excellent clinical efficacies.