膝关节半月板三维有限元模型的动态仿真生物力学分析

Biomechanical analysis of dynamic simulation of three dimensional finite element models of knee joint meniscus

背景:目前虽然膝关节半月板三维有限元生物力学分析的研究已有报道,对半月板的生物力学变化过程有了一定的认识,但动态仿真模拟在同一载荷条件下屈曲过程中膝关节半月板生物力学分析的报道较少。目的:应用有限元法动态仿真模拟并分析不同屈曲角度下膝关节半月板的生物力学特性。方法:基于正常成人志愿者膝关节MRI数据,运用医学有限元仿真软件Mimics 10.01及逆向工程软件Rapidform XOR3重建全膝关节半月板三维有限元模型,并运用高级有限元分析软件Abaqus 6.10-1仿真模拟分析该模型在承载300 N垂直载荷下屈曲过程中的生物力学变化。结果与结论:(1)膝关节屈曲0°,30°,60°,90°时,随着角度的增加,最大应力点从内侧半月板后角胫骨附着面前缘移动到外侧半月板前角胫骨附着面后缘,且外侧半月板应力范围大于内侧半月板;(2)膝关节屈曲0°,30°,60°,90°时,随着角度的增加,最大位移点从接近内侧半月板内缘中点的地方移动到外侧半月板前外上缘,且外侧半月板的位移范围较内侧半月板位移大;(3)结果提示,半月板是膝关节屈曲过程中主要的承重结构,运动过程中外侧半月板的损伤率大于内侧半月板,与此处应力及位移较大有关。

BACKGROUND： At present, although the study of three-dimensional finite element biomechanical analysis of knee joint meniscus has been reported and we have a certain understanding of the biomechanical changes of the meniscus, but the dynamic simulation of the knee meniscus in the same load conditions in the process of biomechanical analysis of the knee meniscus is less reported. OBJECTIVE： To analyze the biomechanical characteristics of the knee joint meniscus under different flexion angle by using analogue simulation of finite element method. METHODS： Based on knee MRI data of the normal adult volunteers, the medicine finite element simulation software Mimics10.01 and reverse engineering software Rapidform XOR3 were utilized to reconstruct three-dimensional finite element model of knee joint meniscus. The advanced finite element analysis software Abaqus6.10-1 was utilized for analogue simulation and for analyzing biomechanical changes during flexion under vertical load of 300 N. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： （1） While the knee joint flexed at 0°, 30°, 60° and 90°, with the increase of angle, maximum stress point moved from the anterior edge of tibia attachment surface of the medial meniscus posterior angle to the posterior edge of tibia attachment surface of the lateral meniscus anterior angle, and the stress range of lateral meniscus was greater than that of the medial meniscus. （2） The maximal displacement point moved from the midpoint of inner edge of the medial meniscus to the front outer-upper edge of the lateral meniscus at knee flexion of 0°, 30°, 60° and 90°. Moreover, the range of displacement of lateral meniscus was bigger than the medial meniscus. （3） These findings suggest that the meniscus is the major bearing structure in the process of knee flexion. The lateral meniscus injury rate is greater than the medial meniscus in process of exercise, which is associated with large stress and displacement.