基于变应原致敏组分T细胞表位的肽段免疫治疗

Peptides Immunotherapy Based on Allergen Sensitized Component T Cell Epitope

传统的变应原特异性免疫治疗已广泛应用了100余年,尽管疗效确切,但因其制剂中含有完整的变应原分子,治疗中不良反应发生率较高。在目前发表的多种降低制剂中变应原分子抗原性同时维持免疫原性的途径中,将变应原T细胞表位合成短肽段的治疗途径不仅能提高免疫治疗的安全性,还有利于变应原生产工艺的简化及标准化。在动物实验和临床研究中,基于T细胞表位的肽段免疫治疗能诱导T细胞对变应原的免疫耐受,调节性T细胞和IL-10在诱导免疫耐受中发挥着重要作用。

Traditional allergen-specific immunotherapy has been widely used in clinical practiced for more than100 years. Although it is efficacious,the usage of whole allergen extracts in SIT resulted in relatively high prevalence of allergic adverse events during treatment. Many approaches were endeavored to reduce the allergenicity while remaining the immunogenicity of immunotherapy preparations. The use of short synthetic peptides which represent major T cell epitopes of allergens was one of important approach in this field. Major potential advantages of this approach include reducing allergic adverse events and facilitating manufacture and standardization. T cell immune tolerance to allergens,in which Treg cells and IL-10 play important roles confirmed by promising results in clinical studies and animal model studies in T cell epitopes immunotherapy.