北宋熙宁四年东明县民上访事件与变法君臣的危机处置

A Petition Presented By Residents of Dong Ming County in the Fourth Year of Xining Era of the Northern Song Dynasty and the Crisis Management of the Xining Reformer Bloc

北宋神宗熙宁四年五月,正在试行雇役法的开封府东明县的大量县民因不满官府为征收役钱重定的户等而进京越诉。反对变法之臣将此事归咎于雇役法的施行,试图借此迫使朝廷撤销雇役法。事发之初,神宗与王安石的失措几乎导致雇役法的夭折,但曾布、邓绾、赵子幾等人的应对与配合十分到位。他们或迅速面见王安石,助其控制事态;或逐条辩驳反对派之言论;或揭发对事件负有重要责任的东明县知县贾蕃的违法事实,为变法君臣将事件化"危"为"机"奠定了基础。事后,变法君臣一方面针对东明县民的诉求改进雇役制,另一方面更加注意新法的系统性,变法派的理政能力亦由此得到提升。曾布由于事件中的出色表现,奠定了其后在变法集团中的核心地位。

In the fourth year of Xining era, the Northern Song dynasty, the residents of Dong Ming County petitioned against their household grade promotion during the implementation of the hired service system in Kaifeng Prefecture. The incident pushed the hired service system into a conjuncture that the opponents of the new policies took the opportunity to pursue the abolition of the hired service policies. Sheng Zong Emperor and his minister Wang Anshi＇ s hesitation worsened the situation. Zeng Bu, Deng Wan and Zhao Ziji＇ s closed cooperation and their proper emergency measures overcame the crisis. Zeng helped Wang Anshi to analyze the situation, rebutted the arguments of the opposition, while Zhao exposed the delinquencies of J ia Fan, who was believed to be the conspirator behind the event. As a result of the affair,the bloc adjusted the hired service policies to balance the interests among social groups, and paid more attention to the coordination between the reform measures. Zeng Bu, afterward, played a greater role in the reforming bloc.