老年人心电图QRS波终末切迹发生率及相关因素分析

The incidence of notch on QRS wave in electrocardiogram and associated risk factors in the elderly

目的探讨老年人心电图QRS波终末切迹发生率，分析其相关危险因素。方法选取我院2012年1—12月老年体检者2328例，按年龄段、既往病史和体检结果进行分类，分析心电图，对QRS波终末切迹所在导联进行分类统计，并分析其形成的相关危险因素。结果老年人QRS波终末切迹发生率为28．1％（655／2328），既往有、无基础疾病差异有统计学意义[32．2％（444／1378）比22．2％（211／950），P〈0．01]。按年龄段分类：66～70岁、71～75岁、76～80岁及81～92岁发生率依次为23．8％（241／1012）、28．9％（257／890）、33．6％（109／324）和47．1％（48／102）。按所在导联分类，下壁、侧壁、前侧壁及前壁分别为68．1％（446／655）、14．5％（95／655）、10．2％（67／655）、7．2％（47／655）。合并多种疾病、高血压、冠心病、年龄为ORS波终末切迹形成的危险因素。结论老年人QRS波终末切迹发生率较高，好发于下壁导联。年龄及心脏相关性疾病是其形成的重要危除因素。

Objective To investigate the incidence of notch on QRS wave in electrocardiogram （ECG） and its associated ：risk factors in the elderly. Methods A total of 2 328 elderly subjects undergoing physical examination from January to December 2012 were grouped according to age, medical history and physical examination findings. The ECG leads of notch on QRS wave were classified, and its related risk factors were analyzed. Results The incidence of notch on QRS wave in ECG was 28.1 % （655/2 328） in the elderly. There was a significant difference in the incidence of notch on QRS wave in ECG between people with and without the history of past diseases [32.2% （444/1 378） vs. 22.2% （211/950）, P〈0. 01]. The incidences of notch on QRS wave in ECG in aged 66-70, 71-75, 76-80 and over 80 years groups were 23.8%（241/1 012）, 28.9% （257/890）, 33.6% （109/324） and 47.1% （48/102）, respectively. The incidence of notch on QRS wave in lateral, lateral-anterior, anterior leads were 68.1% （446/655）, 14.5% （95/655） and 10.2%（67/655） . Coexistence of various diseases, hypertension, coronary heart disease and age were the risk factors for notch on QRS wave in ECG. Conclusions A higher incidence of notch on QRS wave in ECG are found in elderly people, and most of them occur in inferior leads. Both the age and the heart-related diseases are the important risk factors for the notch on QRS wave in ECG.