摘要
2012年儿童直立性高血压（OHT）的概念由我国学者率先提出并于2015年对其诊断标准进行了重新修订。临床上儿童OHT并不少见，以青春发育期儿童居多，多发生在突然体位变化或持久站立时，发病机制目前尚不清楚，以头晕、头痛、恶心、呕吐为主要表现，严重者可出现晕厥。一般预后较好，但儿童期血压水平异常可能会延续至成年期，对儿童OHT的深入研究能够更好地预测成年期心脑血管疾病风险和评估靶器官损害。儿童OHT的治疗尚处于探索阶段，目前主张采取非药物治疗的方式，尚未见到药物治疗儿童OHT的相关报道。现就儿童OHT的诊断标准、流行病学特征、临床特征及治疗方面的进展进行综述，以期使临床医生对儿童OHT进行更深入的研究，提高儿童OHT的临床水平。
Orthostatic hypertension （OHT） in children was first proposed by Chinese scholars in 2012. The diagnostic criterion was revised in 2015. OHT in children was not rare in clinical practice. Children and adolescents are susceptible to OHT when they suddenly change posture or standing for a long time. The mechanisms of OHT were not clear. Dizziness,headache, nausea and vomiting were the main manifestations of OHT. Severe symptom in childhood OHT includes syncope. The prognosis of OHT was good, but the abnormal blood pressure will last to adults. Further study in OHT will help to predict the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and help to evaluate target or- gan injury. The treatment of OHT has been explored, and non - medical treatment is the main option. Study in medical treatment for OHT has not been conducted. Now, the diagnostic criteria in children, epidemiologic status, clinical fea- tures and treatment of OHT were focused to deepen the understanding of OHT in children and improve the clinical standard of the disease.
出处
《中华实用儿科临床杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第13期1037-1040,共4页
Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics
关键词
直立性高血压
儿童
临床表现
诊断
治疗
Orthostatic hypertension
Child
Clinical manifestations
Diagnosis
Treatment
