体育赛事节目流媒体传播的著作权挑战与应对

The Challenge and Countermeasure of the Copyright of the Sports Event Program through Streaming Media Communication

互联网技术特别是流媒体技术改变了体育赛事节目的传播方式,极大地冲击了传统广播电视运营商的利益,打破了著作权法设置的利益平衡。近期欧洲法院和美国联邦最高法院在实践中分别对"公开表演权"和"向公众传播权"作了新的阐释,重申了技术中立原则,确立了整体效果原则。在我国著作权法第3次修改中,应借鉴发达国家协调新旧技术传播者间冲突的经验,将体育赛事节目纳入著作权法保护的视听作品范畴。针对网络实时直播,立法上应摒弃技术思维,确立传播权;司法上借鉴技术中立和整体效果原则;管理上为新旧传播技术运营商营造公平竞争环境。

Internet technology,especially the streaming media technology has changed the way of communication of sports events,which greatly impact the interests of traditional radio and television operators,and break the balance of interests of the copyright law.Recently,European Court and the United States Supreme Court respectively made the new definition and explanation for the right of communication to public and public-performance right,in which reiterated technology neutral principle and established the principle of the overall characteristics effect.At the time of the third revised of copyright law in China,it is great significance to draw experience of coordinate the conflict between new technology and traditional technology communicators from developed countries,add sports events into the category of works which protected by copyright law.About the real-time broadcast,in the legislation,we should abandon the technological thinking,establish the right of communication;use of the technology neutral principle and the overall characteristics effect principle in the judicial practice;create an fair competitive environment for the communication of technology.