农产品流通中的农户合作行为博弈分析

The Game Theory Analysis of Farmers' Cooperative Behavior in the Circulation of Agricultural Products

文章基于经济学中的古诺模型,利用博弈论方法对农户在农产品流通中的合作行为进行了详细分析,并利用模型阐释了农民专业合作社与农产品经纪人在农产品流通中的重要性和必要性,进而得出研究的基本结论:通过彼此合作可以改变农户在农产品流通中的弱势地位,但农户的利己主义和机会主义会导致合作的失败。合作的信心和信念是合作的基础,稳定的合作关系取决于合作的收益和违约的成本,农户的合作行为除了受"声誉效应"约束,更需要有效的外部监督与约束机制。据此,文章提出了针对性建议:提高农户的契约精神和市场意识,通过签订合作协议来规制农户在农产品流通中的行为,大力发展农民专业合作社和农产品经纪人等。

By using Cournot Model in economics and the Game Theory, this paper not only analyzes farmer＇s cooperative behavior in the circulation of agricultural products, but also explains the importance and the necessity of building farmers＂ professional cooperation and agricultural products agent in circulation. The conclusion is that through the mutual cooperation can change the weak position of farmers in agricultural products circulation, but the farmer＇s self-interest and opportunism can lead to failure of cooperation. So faith and belief between each other are the basis of cooperation, and stable cooperation relationship depends on the cooperative benefits and the default costs. In addition to ＂reputation effect＂ constraints, an effective external supervision and restriction mechanism are more necessary for farmers＂ cooperative behavior. Suggestions are provided in this article, as followings： enhancing farmer contract spirit and market awareness, making a cooperation contract, developing farmers＂ professional cooperation and agricultural product broker in the circulation of agricultural products.