老年腹膜透析患者的营养管理

Nutrition management for elderly patients under peritoneal dialysis

营养不良是老年腹膜透析患者的常见并发症之一,且与患者预后不佳有关。老年腹膜透析患者营养不良的原因多样,除尿毒症毒素影响食欲及腹膜透析造成的营养物质流失外,老年患者由于心血管、糖尿病等合并症增多,且存在生理、心理以及社会学等方面的特殊因素,更易发生营养不良。定期合理评估老年腹膜透析患者的营养状态有助于及时发现诱因,预防营养不良发生。治疗需根据个体情况制定具体干预方案。

Malnutrition is one of the common complications in elderly patients under peritoneal dialysis（ PD）,and closely correlated with poor prognosis,the reasons of which are complex. Besides the influences on appetite by uremic toxins and loss of nutrients during peritoneal dialysis periods,elderly PD patients tend to undergo malnutrition because of the increased prevalence of other complications such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes,and special factors of physiology,psychology,and sociology. Regular rational assessments on nutritional status in elderly PD patients help to find the causes and prevent malnutrition in time. For treatment,the specific intervention plan must be formulated according to the individual circumstances.