阿尔兹海默症与老年抑郁症的假性痴呆二者脑电图表现分析

EEG findings in patients with Alzheimer 's disease and senile depressive pseudodementia

目的分析阿尔兹海默症与老年抑郁症的假性痴呆患者脑电图表现的差异,探讨两者脑电图的临床意义。方法选取2011年10月到2014年10月期间在武汉市中心医院住院并接受治疗的阿尔兹海默症和老年抑郁症的假性痴呆患者为研究对象,其中阿尔兹海默症(AD组)和老年抑郁症的假性痴呆患者(PD组)各25例。比较两组患者脑电图异常率和基本电活动的差异;比较两组患者的MMSE得分及其脑电图异常的关系。结果 AD组患者的脑电图异常情况较PD组严重;AD组的电活动较PD组慢:AD组基本电活动变慢占92%,而PD组仅占76%;AD组患者MMSE得分低于PD组,且智力异常者所占比例高于PD组(P<0.05);痴呆程度、脑电图异常程度显著相关。结论阿尔兹海默症患者的脑电图较老年抑郁症的假性痴呆患者更为异常,表现为电活动的减慢;且阿尔兹海默症患者的痴呆情况也较后者严重,这种现象与前者脑电图严重异常有关。

Objective To study the clinical significance of electroencephalogram （EEG） in the patients with Alzheimer＇ s disease （AD） and senile depressive pseudo-dementia （PD） by comparatively analyzing their EEG abnormalities. Methods Patients with AD and PD who had been treated in our hospital from October 2011 to October 2014 were enrolled for the study. Each group contained 25 cases. The rate of EEG abnormality, basic electrical activity, mini-mental state examination （MMSE） score and the correlation between the MMSE score and EEG abnormality were compared between the AD and PD groups. Results The EEG abnormality was more severe in the patients with AD compared to those with PD. A slower electrical activity was found in the AD group than the PD group （92% vs 76% ）. Also the MMSE score of AD patients was lower than that of PD patients, with a significantly higher proportion of mental abnormality （ P 〈 0.05 ）. This suggested that the severity of dementia was closely related to EEG abnormality. Conclusion Compared with elderly patients with depressive PD, patients with AD have more abnormal EEG manifesting with decreased electrical activity. Furthermore, the EEG abnormality is correlated to more severe dementia in PD patients.