士兵不同步态行走时足底压力比较分析

Compare Plantar Pressure Property of Different Training Gaits of Soldiers

目的研究士兵自然走、齐步走、正步走过程中足底平均压力、压强和冲量等参数,探索足底压力分布规律。方法实验在陕西科技大学运动生物力学研究中心进行,从部队某部随机抽取士兵10人,采用比利时Footscan USB2平板足底压力测试系统对其进行动态足底压力测试。在赤足状态下分别以自然、齐步、正步走过测试仪,每人双脚各测试3次,记录动态足底压力参数,计算不同步态下各区域的平均峰值、压强、冲量等参数特征。结果 10名受试者进入结果分析。(1)平均峰力值:自然行走时足底最大压力出现在第3跖骨,为194.08 N。齐步和正步行走时最大压力出现在足跟内侧,依次为234.36 N和300.19 N;(2)平均压强峰值:三种步态行走时最大压强均出现在足跟内侧,自然行走为502.87 k Pa,齐步走为559.04 k Pa,正步走为581.42 k Pa;(3)平均冲量峰值:自然走时,足底最大冲量出现在第3跖骨,为39.01 N.s,齐步走时为足跟内侧,为41.94 N.s,正步走时为足弓,为66.73 N.s。结论战士在不同步态行走时足底压力参数最大峰值分布部位有一定的差异,而且峰力值、峰值压强和冲量都呈现出正步走最大,齐步走次之,自然行走最小的。

Objective To investigate the mean peak value of foot plantar pressure and impulse in feet during natural gait ,instep gait and goose gait of soldiers, and to explore the distribution rule of foot pressure parameters. Methods The experiment was performed at the Research Center of Sports Biomechanics, Shanxi technology University. 10 soldiers were free selected from army and analyzed by the Footscan USB2 system with barefoot of natural gait, instep gait and goose gait. Dynamic foot pressure was determined by walking for three times of both feet, and the mean peak value of force, pressure and impulse were calculated. Results 10 subjects were included in final analysis. （ 1 ） The average maximum force region of natural gait on third metatarsal, is 194.08 N. The maximum force region of instep and goose gait on heel medial,are 234.36 N and 300.19 N; （2）The average maximum pressure of three gaits all on heel medial,natural gait is 502.87kPa,instep gait is 559.04 kPa, goose gait is 581.42 kPa; （3） The average maxi- mum impulse of natural gait distributed on third metal,is 39.01 N·s. The maximum impulse of instep gait distributed on heel medial,is 41.94 N·s. The maximum impulse of goose gait distributed on midfoot, is 66.73 N·s. Conclusion There are various differences between three gaits in force, pressure and impulse of plantar pressure of soldiers, and all the parameters value of three gaits in the same order, the maximum is goose gait, the minimum is natural gait.