鄂伦春族别拉弹克枪考述

Research on Byalganka Gun of Oroqen

鄂伦春族传统狩猎业与枪支的使用、更新紧密相关。19世纪末至20世纪上半叶,俄国制造的别拉弹克枪以其优良的性能、低廉的价格迅速取代火枪、鸟枪,成为鄂伦春族主要的狩猎工具,极大地推进了鄂伦春族狩猎业的发展。但在一定程度上,别拉弹克枪在鄂伦春社会的普遍使用,破坏了传统狩猎所维系的可持续发展态势,加快了鄂伦春族狩猎经济的衰落。

Traditional hunting of Oroqen is closely related to using,upgrading of gun. In the late 19 th and early 20 th century,Byalganka gun which was made by Russia replaced firelock,bird shot to be the main hunting tool,due to low price and high quality. But to some extent,the popularity of Byalganka gun destroyed sustainable situation of traditional hunting,made hunting economy decline repaidly.