呼吸道感染肺炎支原体调查与季节因素的相关性研究

Respiratory tract infection pneumonia mycoplasma survey and its correlation with seasonal factor

目的探讨呼吸道感染肺炎支原体与季节因素的相关性,了解季节对呼吸道感染的影响。方法收集2012年1月-2015年1月就诊的2 323例呼吸道感染临床资料,分析甲型流感病毒（INFA）、副流感病毒（PIV）、乙型流感病毒（INFB）、呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）、腺病毒（ADV）、肺炎支原体（MP）、肺炎衣原体（CP）、嗜肺军团菌（LP）8种病原体血清IgM检测结果。结果有1 253例IgM阳性,阳性率53.94%,其中INFA、INFB、MP、LP、PIV、ADV、CP、RSV阳性率分别为17.78%、13.00%、9.34%、5.81%、3.53%、2.20%、1.42%、0.86%;男性,18-60岁、下呼吸道感染患者MP-IgM阳性率分别为10.52%、14.07%、11.43%,高于女性,〉60-80岁、〉80岁、上呼吸道感染患者MP-IgM阳性率,比较差异有统计学意义;冬季、春季、秋季及夏季MP-IgM阳性率分别为12.03%、10.81%、6.79%、4.98%,其中MP-IgM阳性率冬季、春季均高于秋季、夏季,比较差异无统计学意义;Speraman相关分析研究年度内气温与患者MP-IgM阳性率间有负相关性（P〈0.05）。结论成人呼吸道感染病原体中MP感染较为常见,男性、中青年人及下呼吸道感染患者MP感染率相对较高,气温与MP感染关系密切,夏秋季气温较高的季节MP感染率相对低于冬春季气温较低季节,低气温可能是影响MP流行的主要气象学因素。

OBJECTIVE To discuss respiratory tract mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and its correlation with seasonal factor,and understand the influence of the season for respiratory tract infections.METHODS Clinical data of2323 patients with respiratory tract infections in hospital from Jan.2012 to Jan.2012 were collected.The serum IgM antibody test results of eight kinds of pathogens were analyzed,including influenza a virus（INFA）,parainfluenza（PIV）,hepatitis b virus（INFB）,respiratory syncytial virus（RSV）,adenovirus（ADV）,mycoplasma pneumoniae（MP）,chlamydia pneumonia（CP）,and eosinophilic lung legionella bacteria（LP）.RESULTS There are 1253 cases of IgM positive,with the positive rate of 53.94%,and the positive rates of INFA,INFB,MP,LP,PIV,ADV,CP,and RSV were 17.78%,13.00%,9.34%,5.81%,3.53%,2.20%,1.42%,and 0.86%,respectively.The MP-IgM positive rates of males,18-60years old,and patients with lower respiratory tract infection were 10.52%,14.07%,and 11.43%,respectively.which was higher than that of women,60-80years old,80years old,and patients with upper respiratory tract infection significantly（P〈0.05）.The MPIgM positive rates of winter,spring,autumn,and summer were 12.03%,10.81%,6.79%,and 4.98%,respectively,and in winter and spring were significantil higher than in autumn and summer.Speraman related analysis indicated that the temperature within the year had a negative correlation with the MP-IgM positive rate of patients（P〈0.05）.CONCLUSION Adult MP infection in respiratory tract infection pathogens is relatively common,and the MP infection rates in male,young people and the patients with lower respiratory tract infection are relatively high.The temperature is close to MP infection,and the MP infection rates in summer and autumn with high temperatures are relatively lower than those in spring and winter with low temperatures,so low temperature is likely to be the main meteorological factor affecting the prevalence of MP.