对理雅各和卫礼贤之后《易经》英译本的描述性评析——以蒲乐道英译本为例

A Descriptive Critical Analysis of English Translations of the Yi jing after Legge and Wilhelm:With Special Reference to Blofeld's English Translation

蒲乐道《易经》英译本是自理雅各和卫礼贤-贝恩斯以来《易经》英译本的代表作之一。蒲译本在《易经》英译史上做出了贡献,但也存在各种问题。例如,符用学层面,对原文的不当改动、断辞译文混乱等;符义学层面,英译与原文诠释框架不一、用后起概念解释先前词语、不合原文化事实、译文内部义理框架缺乏连贯等;符形学层面,对原文形式特征再现不够、译文平面化、冲淡化等。另外,该译本未能吸收《易经》研究的新成果,也存在相当数量的责任性误译。学界应加强对20世纪下半叶以来《易经》英译本的翻译批评,将描述性和规定性模式结合起来,以较客观、全面地进行评价。

The Yi jingtranslated from Chinese into English by Blofeld is one of the master works after Legge and WilhelmBaynes＇ s English translations of the classic,and contributed to the history of English translation of the Yi jing.At the same time,it is troubled by various problems,such as：pragmatically,improper alterations of the original text and inconsistent renderings of the same prognostication;semantically,disagreement between the translation of the original and its interpreting framework,anachronism in explanation of words,discord with original cultural facts,and ideological incoherence in the translated text;syntactically,inadequate display of the original features due to undue leveling-out and dilution.Besides,it did not absorb the new achievements of Yi jingstudies,and there are a lot of translation errors found with it.More should be done to criticize the Yi jingtranslations since 1950,and by applying the model of integrating descriptive and prescriptive studies,to evaluate them more objectively and thoroughly.