聚氨基酸胶束作为肿瘤靶向药物载体的研究进展

聚氨基酸作为一种毒副作用低、生物相容性好的高分子材料,被广泛应用于肿瘤以及基因治疗。聚氨基酸链的活性基团丰富,可通过多种反应途径与目的基团连接,从而实现药物的主动靶向性。同时又因为聚合物胶束的粒径为1～100纳米,而肿瘤组织毛细血管壁与正常组织血管壁相比间隙较宽,可以形成＂渗透滞留＂效应（EPR效应）,使载药纳米粒在肿瘤组织中不断蓄积,进而实现药物在肿瘤中的被动靶向性,本文简要综述了载药聚天冬氨酸、聚谷氨酸以及聚赖氨酸聚合物胶束的理化性质及优势,如肿瘤靶向性、缓释性等,并对近年来聚氨基酸胶束的研究进展进行综述。

Poly amino acids as a low toxicity, good biocompatibility of polymer materials, has been widely applied to gene therapy of cancer, and so on. Poly amino acid chain reactive group rich, more reactive way to connect with the destination group through in order to achieve active drug targeting. While since the polymer micelle particle size of about 1 to 100 nm, and the tumor tissue and normal tissue wall of the capillary gap is wider compared to the blood vessel wall, may be formed ＂permeate retention＂ effect （EPR effect）, so that drug loaded particles continuously accumulate in tumor tissue, and thus achieve better drug in the tumor passive targeting, this article briefly reviews the drug polyaspartic acid, polyglutamic acid and poly-lysine polymer micelle physicochemical the nature and advantages, such as tumor targeting, sustained release, etc., amino acids and poly micelles in recent years were reviewed.