大数据、网络舆论与国家治理

Big Data,Online Public Opinion and National Governance

众声喧哗、群体极化的网络舆论给治理者带来严峻挑战,而大数据资源和技术将驱动舆论研究方法的革新,进而影响舆论引导机制的转变,并促进政府将"民意"作为一种强大的治理工具。大数据思维及善治理念下的舆论引导应从"单向设置媒体议程"转向"主动回应公众议程",从"表层信息控制"转向"潜在情绪引导",从"运动式意见治理"转向"对话式凝聚共识"。大数据舆论研究应服务于社会心态调适、社会风险管理、公共决策协同等国家治理目标。

The online public opinion featured with different voices and group polarization has brought serious challenges to the governors, while the resources and technology of big data will drive the reform of research methods for public opinion. The innovation of research methods will further influence the ways of guiding public opinion, and promote the government adopting the ＂public opinion＂ as a powerful tool for governance. Specifically, under the thinking of big data and good governance, the guidance of public opinion should change from ＂setting media agenda in one-way＂ to ＂taking the initiative to respond to the public agenda＂, from ＂ controlling surface information ＂ to ＂ guiding potentially emotion ＂, from ＂eliminating dissent opinion by censorship＂ to ＂making consensus by conversation＂. In addition, big data for public opinion study should serve the objectives of national governance such as ＂social psychological adjustment＂, ＂social risk management＂, ＂citizen participation in public decision making＂ and so on.