环境影响评价中公众参与的影响因素分析及其完善

Influencing factors of public participation in environmental impact assessment and its improvement

公众参与是环评过程中不可或缺的程序正义。对于公众参与法律法规等虽有明文规定,但由于许多事实因素和法律因素,致使其规范密度不足而无法达到立法旨意。面对这一现状,在对环评中影响公众参与的相关因素分析的基础上,建议进一步完善公众参与的细节规定;对专家学者、专业人士和环保团体等人群的参加可以不受"存在利害关系"或受项目直接影响标准的限制;强化环评机关主动向公众征求意见的功能;将公众参与这一程序性行政行为纳入司法审查,调整公众在风险决策中的地位,增进公众的实质参与。

The public participation in EIA is an integral part of procedural justice.Although laws and regulations on public participation are expressly provided,it cannot reach the legislative purposes,because of many facts and legal factors.In the face of this situation,and on the basis of analyzing the factors of influencing public’s participation in environmental judgment,the paper suggested to further improve the detail rules of public participation;Allow experts and scholars,professionals and environmental groups to attend with no restriction from projects or the standards;Strengthen the function of the EIA agencies to actively soliciting public’s opinions;Take public’s participation into judicial review;Adjust the status of the public in risk decision to enhance the public’s participation.