巨噬细胞的分类、再编程以及与疾病关系的研究进展

The relationship between the classification and programming of macrophages and diseases

免疫系统能够识别和消除体内的病原微生物以及肿瘤细胞,从而预防疾病的发展,其中分布在人体各组织的巨噬细胞在这个系统中发挥着巨大的作用.大多数成熟的组织巨噬细胞起源于胚胎发育,而不单是外周单核细胞.巨噬细胞在一定的刺激条件下能再编程为经典活化的M1型或选择性活化的M2型巨噬细胞,此外有假设认为二者之间存在着另一种表型转换即M3型.这种再编程现象也与多种疾病存在着密切的关系,因此了解巨噬细胞在自稳和疾病中的再编程能力和功能,将为相关疾病提供新的治疗方法.

The immune system can recognize and eliminate pathogenic microorganisms and cancer cells in the body,and it can prevent the development of many diseases.Macrophages distributing in tisses play an important role.It is believed that most mature tissue macrophages originate from embryonic development rather than peripheral mononuclear cells.Under certain stimulation,macrophages are programed into classically activated type Ml or alternatively activated type M2.In addition,there is a assumption that there is another type of phenotypic transition between M1 and M2,known as M3.This programming phenomenon also has a close relationship with various diseases.To figuure out the programming ability and function of macrophages might provide new insight for the treatments for related diseases.