蜜蜂幼虫血淋巴营养成分差异可能影响狄斯瓦螨的寄主选择

The difference of the nutritional components in hemolymph of honeybee larva may affected the host preference of Varroa destructor

本研究着重从狄斯瓦螨依赖度极高的食物着手,较全面地比较了4种蜜蜂幼虫血淋巴中与螨繁殖高度相关的营养物质含量差异。结果显示,对狄斯瓦螨吸引力(繁殖力)最弱的中华蜜蜂工蜂幼虫血淋巴中,蛋白质含量显著低于其他3种幼虫,而游离氨基酸含量显著高于其他3者;对狄斯瓦螨吸引力(繁殖力)最高的中华蜜蜂雄蜂幼虫血淋巴中,Cu元素和维生素E(生育酚)含量是4种幼虫中最高的,分别与其他3者具有显著性差异。研究结果证实,与螨繁殖相关的营养成分含量的差异与螨寄生特性具有高度一致性,这为进一步分析螨的营养需求和寻求从营养上抑制螨繁育的方法打下良好的基础。

The varroa destructor a parasite for honey bee is the top threaten to the beekeeping industry world widely.Previousstudies have demonstrated that the propensity of Varroa destructor to its hosts is different,implying that the difference of nutritionalcomponents in hemolymph of honeybee larvas may affect the host preference of Varroa destructor.In this study,larvas of both work-ers and drones from two bee species,Apis cerana and Apis mellifera,were included.The nutrients related with Varroa destructor re-production were compared.Our data indicated the protein level of Apis cerana worker larva was significantly lower than the others,while amino acids were higher.Moreover,free fatty acid level in Apis mellifera worker larva,was the highest.Cu content and Vita-min E in Apis cerana drone,as well as Zn in Apis cerana worker larva,were the highest in all the four types.In conclusion,our dataconfirmed that nutritional components from different bee larva were highly consistent with host preference of Varroa destructor.Ourfindings will be beneficial for analyzing the nutritional requirement for mites of Varroa destructor and preventing the mite reproduc-tion by nutritional control manner.