芘污染黑土的表面活性剂洗脱修复研究

Remediation of Pyrene Contaminated Black Soil by Surfactants Eluting Method

采用批量平衡振荡法研究了几种阴离子和非离子表面活性剂对黑土中芘的洗脱效果,以及不同因素对洗脱效果的影响。结果表明,非离子表面活性剂对芘的洗脱效果优于阴离子表面活性剂。将SDS和Triton X-100以不同质量配比混合后,可提高其洗脱效果,尤其在质量配比为3∶7时洗脱效果最好。不同固液比条件可影响Triton X-100对芘的洗脱,Triton X-100在低浓度时,固液比为1∶30时的洗脱效果最好;浓度大于5.0 g/L后,固液比为1∶10时的洗脱效果最好。Triton X-100对土壤中低浓度芘的洗脱效果要好于土壤中高浓度的芘。萘在土壤中的共存会降低Triton X-100对芘的洗脱率,萘浓度越高,芘的洗脱率越低。Triton X-100对不同类型土壤中芘的洗脱效果相差不大,对新疆荒漠土的洗脱效果好于哈尔滨黑土,这可能与土壤有机质含量有关。

A batch experiment was conducted to investigate remediation of pyrene-contaminated black soil using eluting method with surfactants. The results showed that the removal rate of pyrene from soil by nonionic surfactants is higher than that by anionic surfactants. The mixed surfactants with a mass ratio of 3 ∶7 between SDS and Triton X-100 had the greatest capacity,suggested that the elution efficiency of pyrene from soil by the mixed surfactant could be enhanced compared with the single surfactant. When Triton X-100 concentrations were 2.0 and 4.0 g/L,higher elution rate was found at soil condition with soil/water ratio of 1∶30,with the concentration more than 5.0 g/L,the best elution efficiency was accompanied by soil condition with soil/water ratio of 1∶10. The elution efficiency of Triton X-100 is higher in soil with pyrene of 0.2 g/kg than that with pyrene of 2.0 g/kg. The removal rate of pyrene by Triton X-100 could be decreased by addition of naphthalene into the black soil. Soil type didn＇t affect elution effect obviously,elution rate of pyrene by Triton X-100 in Xinjiang soil with higher content of organic matter is higher slightly than the other soil.