辽宁地区玉米品种植株农艺性状演化研究

The Evolution of Plants Agronomic Traits in Liaoning of Maile Varieties Province

通过对1998年至2014年参加辽宁省玉米品种区域试验的2347个品种植株农艺性状演化的分析,掌握了近些年玉米品种农艺性状的变化规律和不同类型间的关键区别。积温需求方面,极晚熟>晚熟类>中晚熟类>中熟;成株株高和穗位高方面,也表现出相同的趋势;除极晚熟品种,其他类型品种成株叶片数都呈下降趋势;除极晚熟品种和中熟品种外,其他类型品种倒伏倒折率之和呈下降趋势。中熟品种熟期和植株农艺性状均较理想,是中晚熟品种的发展方向。中晚熟类品种和晚熟类品种在形态上有趋同性,在以后的选育过程中应予以区分。极晚熟品种有个体大型化发展的趋势,直接导致抗倒性下降。

By the analysis of evolution of plants agronomic traits on 2347 maize varieties in maize varieties regional test of Liaoning Province from 1998 to 2014, the variation of plants agronomic traits and the key between different types have been mastered. The se- quence of accumulated temperature demand on different mature types was ex-late〉 late 〉 mid-late〉middle. The adult plant height and ear height showed the same trend. Except ex-late varieties, the number of leaves tended to decrease in other types of adult species. Ex- cept ex-late and middle varieties, the parentage of sum of lodging and steam-broken tended to decrease in other types of adult species. Maturity and plants agronomic traits of middle varieties was suitable, which the mid-late varieties should develop to be. Mid-late and late varieties has the same shape, which should been changed. The maximization of ex-late varieties lead to decrease of lodging resis-tance.