来华汉语初学者汉语口语教学策略初探

A Probeinto Strategiesof Teaching Foreign Beginnersin China Spoken Chinese

来华汉语初学者汉语口语教学应以学生为中心,充分利用目的语习得环境的优势,构建课内课外相结合,学习与习得相结合的教学体系。在教学过程中,可采用如下策略:一是以集体教学为主,适度实施个别教学,充分发挥学生语伴的多元作用;二是通过教师与学习者之间的充分互动,使语言学习由课堂延伸到课外,营造"沉浸"的学习氛围;三是利用切实可行的课外交际任务,激发学习者的学习兴趣,巩固语言学习的效果;四是尊重个体差异,明了学习动机、学习目标、学习心理及情感需求,因材施教;五是精选教材,努力构建学习资源库,支撑学习者语言能力的发展。

In teaching foreign beginners in China spoken Chinese,it is very necessary to construct a teaching and learning system that integrates classroom teaching and out-of-class learning,language learning and language acquisition by fully exploiting the learner-centered approach and the target language acquisition environment.The following strategies can be adopted in teaching： first,supplementing classroom teaching with appropriate extent of individualistic teaching by bringing the multi-variant functions of student language partners into full play; second,creating an atmosphere for immersed learning and allow learning activities to extend from classroom to after-class activities through interaction between teachers and students; third,using feasible communicative tasks to arouse learners＇ interest in after-class learning so as to consolidate learning effects; third,respecting individual differences among learners and learn clearly about learners＇ learning motivations,learning objectives,learning psychology and affection needs so that teaching can cater to learners＇ individualistic aptitudes; fifth,carefully choosing teaching and learning materials and construct learning resource database to scaffold the development of learners＇ language competence.