考虑碳税策略的微网与常规机组协同运行

Coordinated Operation of Microgrid and Conventional Generators Considering Carbon Tax Strategy

在考虑碳排放限制情况下,研究微网和电网中常规机组的协同和非协同运行情况,建立了碳税和经济效益双层优化Stackelberg博弈模型。结合Karush-Kuhn-Tucker(KKT)条件、Big-M法和强对偶理论将双层优化问题转化为一个单层混合整数线性问题(MILP),并采用MILP软件求解。针对协同运行情况,提出了一种基于风险因子的改进Shapley值法对常规机组和微网进行收益分配,并与非协同运行情况进行比较。算例分析了碳排放限制对微网和常规机组协同和非协同运行时收益的影响,结果表明,通过合理的碳税政策和收益分配,可以保证微网和常规机组协同运行的积极性和稳定性,使双方的收益提高,同时减小碳排放,实现低碳经济发展。

The coordinated and non-coordinated operations of microgrid and conventional generators are studied considering carbon emission constraints and Stackelberg game model with a bi-level optimization of carbon tax and economic benefit is established. With Karush-Kuhn-Tucker（KKT）conditions,Big-M method and strong duality theorem,the bi-level optimization problem is converted to a mixed integer linear program which could be solved by available mixed integer linear program solvers.A modified Shapley method based on risk factors is proposed to allocate the total profit of microgrid and conventional generators in coordinated operation,and compared with the non-coordinated operation.The case study analyzes the effects of carbon emission constraints on the profit in coordinated operation and non-coordinated operations.The results show that the positivity and stability of coordinated operation are assured with a reasonable carbon tax policy and profit allocation.The profits of both microgrid and conventional generators are improved while the carbon emission is reduced,achieving the development of low carbon economy.