新疆日光温室促成栽培草莓品种对比研究

Comparison of Strawberry Variety in Greenhouse of Northern Xinjiang

【目的】筛选出适宜新疆日光温室促成栽培的草莓品种。【方法】对10个草莓品种的发育周期、植株生长习性、抗病性、果实形态特征及果实内在品质进行观测和比较。【结果】日系草莓品种口感香甜,但抗病性较差,果实偏软,贮运性差;欧美系草莓品种抗病性较强,果实硬,耐贮运,产量高,但口感偏酸;中国自育草莓品种口感酸甜、香味较浓,抗病性中等,较耐贮运,产量高。【结论】以追求口感为目的的生产,日系品种中枥乙女表现为口感好,早熟,果个大、抗病性好等突出特点,可作为首选品种;以果个大、丰产性好、耐贮藏、便于运输为目的生产应选择卡姆罗莎和甜查理;而生产中既要考虑口感、又要考虑耐储运性和抗病性首选的品种为京藏香,其次为京泉香。

【Objective】In order to select suitable strawberry varieties to the sunlight greenhouse cultivation in Xinjiang.【Method】In this paper,10 strawberry varieties of growth phase,plant growth habits,disease resistance,fruits shape characteristic and the fruit internal quality were observed and compared. 【Result】Varieties strawberry of Japanese is sweet taste,but disease resistance is poorer,the fruit is soft and poor handling. Varieties strawberry of Europe and the United States have more strong disease resistance,hard fruit,tolerance to storage and high yield,but taste is sour. Varieties strawberry of China bred is sweet- sour,richer fragrance,the disease resistance and the suitable for storage and transportation is medium,high yield. 【Conclusion】To the pursuit of taste for the purpose of production,Japanese varieties Otome Tochigi performs good taste,shows early maturity and good disease resistance and other prominent features,as the preferred varieties,which can be used as the preferred species. When considering large fruit,high yield,resistant storage,convenient transportation for the purpose of production,sweet Charlie Kamm Rosa should be selected. But when we have to consider the taste and resistance to storage and transportation and disease resistance,the preferred varieties of Beijing incense should be our priority choice,followed by Beijing Fragrant spring.