美国中小学创客教育的现状、理念与挑战

The Trends,Concept and Challenge of Maker Education in the U.S K-12 School

随着创客运动的兴起,创客教育逐渐成为了推动学校教育理念革新与教育实践变革、激发学生创造潜能的重要路径。基于实践、创造、分享的创客教育以3D打印技术与开源硬件平台为基础,融合了体验式学习、项目学习、建构主义等多种教育思潮,构造了实体性的实践学习场所和虚拟化的互联网社区。从中小学创客教育的未来发展趋势而言,除了必要的资源配套与制度保障,更重要的是如何增进教育者、家长、社区等不同群体对创客文化的理解与认同,通过具有"创客精神"的教师引领创客教育的深度发展。

With the development of maker movement, the maker education has become the driving force to push the change of school education concept and cultivate students＇ creative potentialities. The concept of maker education, which is based on practice, creation and participation, has inherited John Dewey＇s core ideas such as learning by doing, education is life, school is society, it has spread by 3D print technology and internet, integrated with maker space and maker carnival to build a substantive practical learning space and virtual maker community. For the development of our country＇ s maker education, we need not only the necessary resource and institutional establishment but also the understanding of educators, parents and other stakeholders about maker culture. Final- ly, the flourishing of maker education depends on a group of teachers with ＂maker spirit＂.