基于三维生态足迹的陕西省自然资本动态研究

Dynamics of Natural Capital in Shaanxi Province Based on the Three-dimensional Ecological Footprint

可持续是区域发展的关键。通过最新生态足迹三维模型,详细介绍模型概念、计算方法及主要优点,以足迹深度和足迹广度为研究的主要切入点,来分析陕西省1983—2012年自然资本动态变化趋势。结果表明:1983—2012年,人均生态足迹从0.68 g·hm^(-2)增至2.36 g·hm^(-2),生态承载力年均下降3.69%;自1997年进入生态赤字后,足迹深度年均上升9.92%,足迹广度年均下降2.52%;2003年以后,足迹深度与足迹广度逆向变化凸显,2006年以后消耗存量资本已成为区域发展的主流。到2012年,陕西省资源再生需要近3 a才能满足1 a的消费需求。此外,三维模型在对多因素影响情况下的区域生态足迹进行评估时,效果优于二维模型。

Sustainable development is the key to the regional development. In this paper,the new 3D model of ecological footprint was used,and the concept of the 3D model,calculation method and main advantages were introduced in detail. The footprint depth and footprint size of the 3D model were taken as the breakthrough points to analyze the dynamic change trends of natural capital in Shaanxi Province during the period of 1983- 2012. The results revealed that,during the period from 1983 to 2012,the per capita ecological footprint was increased from0. 68 g·hm^（-2）to 2. 36 g·hm^（-2）,and the annual ecological carrying capacity was decreased by 3. 69%. Shaanxi Province entered the ecological deficit period after 1997. The annual footprint depth was increased by 9. 92%,and the annual footprint size was decreased by 2. 52%. After 2003,a converse trend of both footprint depth and footprint size occurred significantly. After 2006,the consumption of capital stock became as the mainstream of regional development. By 2012,the renewable resources needed nearly three years to meet the one-year consumption in Shaanxi Province. In addition,the regional ecological footprint results evaluated with the three-dimensional model were better than that evaluated with the two-dimensional one.