个体化营养支持在急性完全性颈髓损伤患者中的应用效果

Application of individualized nutritional support in patients with acute complete cervical spinal cord injury

目的 探讨急性完全性颈髓损伤的患者实施个体化营养支持的临床效果.方法 选取2011年1月—2012年12月在某三级甲等医院创伤急救中心收治的急性完全性颈髓损伤患者,采用随机数字表分为试验组（49例）和对照组（54例）.住院期间,对照组患者饮食由家属在护士指导下提供;试验组患者请营养科会诊,根据患者具体情况制定个体化的营养支持方案.比较入院14 d内两组患者便秘、肺部感染、低钠血症、低蛋白血症4种并发症的发生率及平均住院时间.结果 与对照组相比,试验组患者便秘、肺部感染、低钠血症、低蛋白血症的发生率明显较低,平均住院天数明显缩短,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 急性完全性颈髓损伤的患者给予个体化营养方案支持后可降低并发症的发生率,缩短平均住院时间,为疾病恢复提供了有力保障.

Objective To explore the clinical effects of individualized nutritional support on patients with acute complete cervical spinal cord injury. Methods The patients with acute complete cervical spinal cord injury in the Trauma Emergency Center of a hospital between January 2011 and December 2012 were randomly divided into experimental group （n=49） and control group （n=54）. The diets of patients in the control group were provided by family members guided by nurses in hospital, and the patients in the experimental group were given individualized nutritional supports which were formulated by nutrition consultation according to patients′specific conditions. The incidence of complications （ constipation, lung infection, hyponatremia and hypoproteinemia） within 14d and the average stay in hospital in two groups were compared. Results In the experimental group, the incidence of constipation, lung infection, hyponatremia and hypoproteinemia were significantly lower and the average stay in hospital was shorter than those in the control group. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant （P 〈0. 05）. Conclusions Providing individualized nutritional support for patients with acute complete cervical spinal cord injury can reduce the incidence of complications and the average stay in hospital.