PBL联合CBS教学法在医院感染知识带教中的应用

Effects of teaching method of combining problem-based learning （ PBL） with case-based study （ CBS） on nosocomial infection education

目的 探讨以问题为基础的教学法（PBL）联合案例学习法（CBS）在实习护生医院感染知识带教中的应用效果.方法 将70名实习护生作为研究对象,采用随机数字法分为试验组和对照组各35名,试验组在入科前医院感染知识培训及轮转科室小讲课、教学查房时采用PBL联合CBS教学法进行;对照组则采用常规教学法,比较两组护生带教效果.结果 对照组与试验组学生医院感染理论考试成绩分别为（71.23±9.91）分和（85.97±7.88）分,操作考试成绩分别为（80.78±7.43）分和（93.92±4.96）分,两组分数差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;教学方法效果评价中两组学生认为教学目标清楚对照组与试验组学生人数各占71.43%和82.86%,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;在激励学员的学习积极性和主动性、培养与同伴的沟通协作能力、提高分析问题、解决问题的能力、引导学员的逻辑思考与判断等7个条目中试验组明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;手卫生落实对照组执行率为36.54%、合格率为15.79%,试验组手卫生执行率为69.09%、合格率为39.47%,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 采用PBL联合CBS教学法对实习护生进行带教,有助于培养护生的综合能力,增加学生的学习兴趣,提高了学生医院感染防控意识,使护生更扎实地掌握医院感染的理论知识与相关技术操作,是一种行之有效的带教方法.

Objective To explore the effects of teaching method of combining PBL with CBS on nosocomial infection education. Methods The study investigated 70 practice nurses and the participants were divided into two groups by random number method and compared their educational outcomes. The patients of observation group （n=35） was taught by PBL with CBS method in nosocomial infection education;the patients of control group （ n =35 ） was taught by normal teaching method. Results The test scores of nosocomial infection knowledge in the observation group and the control group were （85. 97 ± 7. 88） and （71. 23 ± 9. 91）;the scores of nosocomial infection practical skills were （93. 92 ± 4. 96） and （80. 78 ± 7. 43） （P〈0. 01）. In effects evaluation of the clarity of the teaching objectives, the difference of the observation group and the control group had no significance （82. 86% vs. 71. 43%;P〉0. 05）. However, the patients of observation group were better on learning enthusiasm, communication skills, problem analyzing and solving skills, and logical thinking compared with the patients of control group （P 〈 0. 05）. The percentage of hand hygiene was 69. 90%（39. 47% passed） in the observation group, and 36. 54% （15. 79% passed） in the control group （P〈0. 05）. Conclusions The teaching method of combining PBL with CBS is effective on improving students′comprehensive capacity, learning enthusiasm, and the knowledge as well as the practical skills of nosocomial infection.