我国草原生态补偿法律制度反思

Reflection on Chinese Grassland Ecological Compensation Legal System

生态补偿的内涵迄今尚未统一,但是作为生态保护的经济手段,其以生态安全与生态公平为两大目的已经被普遍认同。草原生态补偿是生态补偿的下位概念,它具有生态、经济、政治和文化等多种时代价值,需要法律制度保障。受自然科学局限和理论研究滞后等因素的制约,我国尚未出台国家层面的生态补偿法律,已有的草原生态补偿法律表现为原则抽象、分布零散且缺乏可操作性,直接导致草原生态补偿实践出现诸多弊端。完善我国草原生态补偿法律制度,应当以科学的立法指导思想与立法原则为指引,在《草原法》中明确规定草原生态补偿立法目的、补偿主体、补偿对象和补偿标准等具体内容。

Connotation of Ecological Compensation has not been unified, but it has been widely accepted as economic instruments for ecological protection aiming for ecological security and ecological fair. Grassland ecological compensation is lower concept of ecological compensation. It requires legal guarantees, with the value of a variety of age ecological, economic, political and cultural. Restricted to natural sciences limitation, theoretical study lag, ecological value deviation and other factors, China has not yet introduced ecological compensation laws at the national level. Grassland ecological compensation performances abstract principle, scattered distribution and lack of maneuverability, directly causes many problems of Grassland ecological compensation practice. To improve Chinese grassland ecological compensation legal system,we should follow scientific guidelines and legislative principles. The ＂Prairie Law＂ made clear that grassland ecological compensation legislative purpose, compensation body, compensated obj ects, compensation standard, compensation funding sources compensation way and other specific measures.