基于键合图模型的传感器布局方法

Sensor placement method based on bond graph models

为研究传感器布局对于故障诊断性能的影响,使用键合图方法对系统建模。通过在键合图模型中设置虚拟传感器模拟测点,利用键合图的结构信息和因果关系约束推导出一组解析冗余关系式,即系统残差,通过分析残差、故障及传感器配置的关系,提出了一种基于满足故障检测性和隔离性要求的传感器布局方法,在最大限度满足系统诊断性能前提下选择数量最少的传感器配置方案。最后,以同步发电机为例建立键合图传感器布局模型,通过残差推导其结构故障特征矩阵以及传感器特征矩阵,并对所提出的传感器优化布局方法进行验证,得出在参数性故障检测和隔离性能最高前提下的传感器配置方案。

In order to study the influence of sensor placement on fault diagnosis,a new sensor placement method based on bond graph model was proposed. A group of virtual sensor test points were set in bond graph model,then the information of bond graph structure and causality constraints were used to deduce a set of analytical redundancy relations,namely system residuals. The relationships among residuals,faults and sensor placement configuration were analysed,and this sensor placement method can meet the requirements of system fault detection and isolation performance. The sensor placement configuration with the minimum number of sensors was chosen under the premise of maximizing system diagnosis performance. Finally,the synchronous generator was used as an example to establish the sensor placement algorithm. Residual analysis was used to derive the structure fault feature matrix and the sensor feature matrix. The proposed sensor placement optimization algorithm was verified by this example,and the experimental results show that the final sensor placement configuration can meet the requirements of maximum parameter fault detection and isolation performance.