蓖麻籽螺旋压榨制油影响因素分析及其摩擦系数的计算

Analysis of Pressing Conditions by Screw Press for Castor Bean and Calculation of Its Friction Coefficient

蓖麻籽是一种重要的高含油、低含水工业油料。采用螺旋压榨法制油时,其操作温度直接关系到油品质量和制油效果。蓖麻籽经过螺旋压榨后,其主要内含物蓖麻油以液态形式聚集并在压力的作用下从蓖麻籽中分离出来,这个过程主要受内外两方面因素的影响。蓖麻籽组成、入料形态和是否进行升温调质等多种因素直接决定了蓖麻籽螺旋压榨的效果;螺旋榨油机的榨轴转速和出饼口孔径直接制约了油料输送速率和出油效果。通过多工况下的组合试验及均值化处理,得到了单螺旋榨油机的实际输送速率和当量摩擦系数等参数。蓖麻籽直接进料压榨,在榨轴平均转速为50.25 r/min、出饼口孔径5 mm时,平均压缩比为4.28、输送效率为4.41 kg/h、饼残油率14.86%。

Castor bean is an important kind of industrial oil plant with high oil content and low moisture content. Op- erating temperature is directly related to the oil quality and producing effect in pressing process. In pressing, castor oil is aggregated in the form of liquid and isolated from castors under two aspects of internal and external factors. Main contents of castor beans, feeding morphology and the operating temperature are directly determined the pressing effect. Shafting speed of screw press and the diameter of cake mouth restrict oil delivery rate and the effect of oil. Through the combination of experiments and the mean treatment under multiple loading conditions, the actual trans- mission rate and the equivalent coefficient of friction parameters of the screw press were obtained. As fed directly un- der the average pressing conditions that the shafting speed of 50.25 r/min and the diameter of cake mouth of 5 mm, the compression ratio of 4.28 and transport efficiency of 4.41 kg/h, the residual oil of cake was 14.86%.