广州市绿地生态网络的构建与评价

Construction and evaluation of green space ecological network in Guangzhou

构建连接生态斑块的绿地生态网络,有利于以有限的生态用地来保障区域生态安全。选取境内生物多样性丰富的生境斑块,采用最小累积阻力模型模拟潜在生态廊道,构建了广州市绿地生态网络体系,并对生态网络的连接度和土地利用结构进行了评价。结果表明:构建的生态网络的网络闭合度、网络点线率和网络连接度高,成本比低;该网络中以白云区、天河区、黄埔区三区交界处的森林公园群为关键生态节点,是北、中、南3部分景观物质交换的重要枢纽;北部森林遍布,生态斑块面积大,廊道阻力普遍较小,而中南部受建设用地阻碍,斑块小而且分散,廊道阻力相应较大;整体上廊道的适宜宽度在100 m以内。

Constructing green space ecological network to link the dispersed important ecological patches is an effective way to use limited ecological land for protection of regional ecological security. The biodiversity- rich habitat patches with the minimum cumulative resistance model was chosen to simulate the potential ecological corridors,establish recommended ecological network,and evaluate their connectivity and land use structure. The results show that the ecological network established in this project is very similar to the structure of the ring network,and can meet the actual circs. The forest park group located in the border region of Baiyun,Tianhe and Huangpu,as the key network node,is an important hub for exchanging landscape material among the north,central,and south of the study area. The northern part of dense forest in Guangzhou has a larger area of ecological patches and smaller resistance of ecological corridor. Due to intense development and construction,the central and southern Guangzhou have smaller areas of ecological patches that are scattered and larger ecological corridor resistance,with the appropriate width of the corridor less than 100 m.