气相色谱-质谱法测定一次性塑料杯中邻苯二甲酸酯类的迁移量

Determination of migration of phthalates esters in disposable plastic cups by GC-MS

目的利用气相色谱-质谱法研究市售一次性塑料杯中邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂在食品中的特定迁移特性,以及塑料材料种类、时间和温度对一次性塑料杯中邻苯二甲酸酯类迁移浓度的影响。方法食品模拟液为水、3%乙酸溶液、10%乙醇溶液和异辛烷,用正己烷萃取,采用气相色谱-质谱法对17种邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物进行检测,外标法定量。结果 17种化合物在0.01～10μg/m L浓度范围内,线性关系良好,相关系数R^2〉0.998。在4种模拟物浸泡液中,回收率为71%～107%,相对标准偏差〈7%。方法最低检测限为0.86～14.41,市售的10个品牌一次性塑料杯中均检出邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基）己酯,检测结果都未超出限值。在高温条件下,聚丙烯和聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯材质的一次性塑料杯的邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物迁移量随时间增加无明显变化,聚苯乙烯材质的一次性塑料杯的邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物迁移含量随时间增加而提高。结论该方法适用于快速测定一次性塑料杯中邻苯二甲酸酯类的迁移量。

Objective To determine the migration of phthalates esters in disposable plastic cups by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry（ GC-MS）,and to study the effect of materials,temperature and duration conditions on the concentration of phthalate esters in disposable plastic cups. Methods Simulants（ distilled water, 3% acetic acid aqueous solution, 10% ethanol aqueous solution and isooctane） test samples were extracted with n-hexane and analyzed by GC-MS. The external standards were applied to the analysis and quantitation of phthalate esters. Results A good linear relationship was showed under the range of 0. 01- 10 μg / m L for 17 compounds of migration of phthalates esters with R2≥0. 998. The recovery rates were 71%- 107% and the relative standard deviation were lower than 7%.The detection limit was 0. 86- 14. 41. The migration of phthalates esters were detected in ten brands of disposable plastic cups sold in Shanghai. Diisobutyl phthalate,dibutyl phthalate and dioctylphthalate were detected in ten brands of disposable plastic cups,but none of them were exceed the limits. Under the high temperature condition,the pdypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate material concentration of migration of phthalates esters in disposable plastic cups were with no obvious difference,but the polystyrene material concentration of migration of phthalates esters in disposable plastic cups were raised over time.Conclusion This method has good sensitivity,accuracy,repeatability and is suitable for the rapid analysis of the migration of phthalate esters in disposable plastic cups.