棉花单核苷酸多态性标记研究进展

Review of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers in Cotton

单核苷酸多态性标记已在农作物研究中得到广泛应用并取得重大进展。为了便利棉花SNP(Single nucleotide polymorphism)标记的研究和应用,介绍了利用基因芯片、简化基因组测序、重测序等在棉花中开发SNP标记的方法 ,综述了SNP标记在棉花遗传图谱构建、数量位点的定位和分子标记辅助育种、基因组测序以及系统进化等研究中的应用。并对异源四倍体棉花中SNP标记开发时,同源序列位点和部分同源序列位点上的SNP标记辨别问题进行了系统探讨,对其快捷的开发、检测方式和在数量基因定位中的应用前景进行了展望。

Single nucleotide polymorphism（SNP） markers have been widely used in crop studies and significant progress has been made in recent years. In this article, we examine the development and research progress of SNP markers in cotton, including the methods of using gene chips, simplifying genome sequencing and resequencing to develop the SNP markers in cotton,and the applications of SNP markers in cotton such as genetic mapping, quantitative trait loci analysis, molecular marker-assisted breeding, genome sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. The present problems in the development and application of SNP markers on homologous and homoeologous loci in allotetraploid cotton are also discussed. The anticipated prospects for SNP markers are also discussed in terms of rapid detection and quantitative trait loci mapping, which is expected to help the development and application of SNP markers in cotton in future.