基于现场可编程门阵列的分布式发电系统实时仿真相关问题研究

Research on Related Issues of Real-Time Simulation for Distributed Generation System Based on FPGA

分布式发电系统在用户侧的大规模广泛接入对配电网的运行、控制与保护带来了革命性的影响与挑战,其暂态仿真和实时仿真的重要性日益凸显,其中实时仿真可借助现场可编程门阵列(field-programmable gate array,FPGA)强大的硬件计算能力。提出并实现了基于FPGA的电气和控制系统异步通讯数据交互方法,缩短了实时仿真的计算步长;在交流源模块中,实现了基于FPGA的数值计算插值方法,在不增加较多计算资源的同时放宽了实时仿真的步长选择。通过搭建光蓄混合发电系统算例对实时仿真器进行验证,电气和控制系统的仿真步长分别为1.096?s以及1.696?s,通过与PSCAD/EMTDC的仿真结果比较,验证了设计方法的计算精度。

The integration of distributed generation（DG） systems on customer side brings a revolutionary impact and challenge to the operation, control and protection of distribution system. The transient simulation and real-time simulation of DG system become more and more important. FPGA is needed in real-time simulation for high computational capability. For this reason, this paper proposes an asynchronous communication method between electrical and control system. The time-step is shortened. The interpolation method of source element based on FPGA is realized. The setting criteria of time-step is loosened without sacrificing much resource. To validate these proposed methods, a photovoltaic-battery hybrid generation system is simulated in real-time. The time-step of electrical and control system is 1.096 μs and 1.696 μs. The waveforms show great coherence with the offline simulation in PSCAD/EMTDC.