山西省城市0～6个月龄婴儿母乳喂养现状调查

0-6 month-old infants breastfed Investigation in urban areas in Shanxi

目的：了解目前山西省城市0～6个月龄婴儿母乳喂养现状及影响母乳喂养因素，提高母乳喂养率。方法采用现场问卷对城市0～6个月龄婴儿母乳喂养状况进行调查，对调查结果进行统计学分析。结果共调查0～6月龄婴儿及母亲4868例，母乳喂养率为64．60％，混合喂养率27．90％，人工喂养率7．40％。母乳喂养与婴儿母亲年龄、文化程度、分娩方式（顺产、难产、剖宫产）、乳头情况（正常、扁平、凹陷）、孕期营养状况、母亲自觉奶量（充足、不足）有关，差异均有统计学意义（χ2＝62．367、25．021、67．419、60．941、16．675、8．241、3．081，均 P ＜0．05或 P ＜0．01）。结论应针对影响母乳喂养的因素采取相应措施，提高母乳喂养率。

Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of breastfeeding among infants of 0 to 6 months in urban areas in Shanxi,to increase the rate of breastfeeding.Methods A total of urban infants aged 0 -6 months were selected and their mothers were investigated by the questionnaire on site.Results A total of 4 868 urban infants aged 0 -6 months and their mothers were investigated.The rate of breastfeeding was 64.60%,the rate of mixed feeding was 27.90%,the rate of artificial feeding was 7.40%.The infants′mother′s age,culture level, the way of delivery（natural labor,dystocia,cesarean delivery）,the situation of the nipple（normal,flat,concave）, nutritional status during pregnancy,mother＆#39;s self awareness of the amount of breasts supply（enough,not enough）were associated with breastfeeding（χ2 =62.367,25.021,67.419,60.941,16.675,8.241,3.081,all P 〈0.05 or P 〈0.01）.Conclusion The corresponding measures should be taken according to the factors affecting breastfeeding in order to improve the rate of breastfeeding.