基于“洞天福地”的中国“福地”分布探究

Study on Distribution of “Blessed Places”in China Based on Caverns of Heaven and Places of Blessing

"洞天福地"是道教真人居住的物产丰饶、风景秀丽之地,绝大多数成为如今著名的风景名胜区,有较高的研究价值.前人对"洞天福地"的研究多局限于利用文字描述其旅游及文化价值,本文突破传统的研究方法创造性地引入"福地"这一区域概念,首先采用GIS空间分析的技术手段,分析了"洞天福地"形成与发展的影响因素;其次建立BPI模型得到中国"福地"分布区域.结果显示,"洞天福地"主要分布在中国的中东部,大部分在植被茂密、降雨丰富的丘陵或平原地区,且受河流、唐代交通干线、州城、商业中心的影响;中国BPI值为2.81以上的"福地"呈条带状分布在中国中东部的平原丘陵地区及东南沿海一带,与"洞天福地"分布特征具有一致性.

“Caverns of heaven and places of blessing” are the abode of Taoist Immortals that has rich pro-ducts, beautiful scenery and high research value, and most of them have become famous tourist destinations now-adays. Previous studies on Caverns of heaven and places of blessing only described their tourism and cultural values in words. This paper broke through traditional research methods and creatively introduced the area concept of“Blessed Places”. Firstly, we analyzed the factors for the formation and development of Caverns of heaven and places of blessing with the help of GIS spatial analysis technology. Secondly, we built a BPI model to obtain the distribution of “Blessed Places” in China. Our result indicates that Caverns of heaven and places of blessing are mainly distributed in the mid-east China. Most of them are distributed in hills or plains where lush vegetation and abundant rainfall are possible. They are also influenced by rivers, the main lines of transportation, state, commercial city of Tang Dynasty. The“Blessed Places” whose BPI exceed 3 are distributed belt-like in hills or plains of the mid-east or southeast coast of China, which are of the same characteristics as Caverns of heaven and places of blessing.