广西灰象生物学特性及防治技术研究

Biological characteristics and control of Sympiezomias citri in Oil Camellia forest

于2014年4月至2015年4月,采用室外定点观察与标准地调查相结合的方法对危害油茶的广西灰象生物学特性进行了研究;并分别利用40%氧化乐果、2.5%高效氟氯氰菊酯乳油、2.2%甲维盐乳油、40%辛硫磷乳油和50%杀螟松乳油对广西灰象成虫进行防治试验。结果表明:广西灰象在湖南省醴陵市油茶林1年发生1代,以蛹在油茶树附近土壤中越冬。成虫发生期较长(4—9月),主要为害期集中在每年的4月底至5月初。1 000倍2.5%高效氟氯氰菊酯乳油和500倍40%辛硫磷乳油具有强烈的触杀作用,防治1天后校正虫口减退率均达90%以上,施药后期前者2 000倍剂与1 000倍剂防治效果无显著差异,后者随着防治时间的延长,防治效果逐渐减弱;800倍2.2%甲维盐乳油具有较好的持续性效果,施药后第5天防效达到近80%。针对广西灰象的化学防治药剂,推荐使用2 000倍2.5%高效氟氯氰菊酯乳油,或者与2.2%甲维盐乳油混合使用。

The systematic study on biological characteristics of Sympiezomias citri and selecting suitable pesticides against the pest,by using 40% Omethoate EC,2. 5%Cyhalothrin EC,2. 2%Emamectin EC,40%Phoxim EC,50%Fenitro﹣thion EC,were conducted in Camellia oleifera young forest of Liling in Hunan province between April 2014 and April 2015. Results showed that the beetle occurred one generation in each year,living through the winter with pupa. Adult had a longer occurrence period,from April to September,and the period of adult damage main focused in the end of April to at the beginning of May. The quick﹣acting effect of Cyhalothrin and Phoxim were the best,After 1 day,the population density of the beetle reduced by more than 90%. And Emamectin had a lasting effects on control of the adult. Conse﹣quently,2. 5% Cyhalothrin EC or 2. 5% Cyhalothrin EC and 2. 2% Emamectin EC admixture was recommend as main chemical reagent used to control the population density of Sympiezomias citri in Camellia oleifera forest.