非均匀电场中带电粒子的运动特征

The Characteristics of a Charged Particle Moving in Non-Uniform Electric Fields

本文以均匀带电球体、均匀带电圆盘、均匀带电圆环所产生的非均匀电场为例,分析了带电粒子在这些非均匀电场中的运动特征.分析方法的要点是,依据带电粒子在非均匀电场中的受力情况建立动力学方程,解析地导出带电粒子的运动学方程(多数是以隐函数形式呈现的运动学方程),运用现代数学工具mathematica描绘出带电粒子运动的x-t和v-x图像,以此为基础分析带电粒子在非均匀电场中的运动特征.

The characteristics of a charged particle moving in non-uniform electric fields such as the electric fields generalized by a charged sphere,a charged disc and a charged ring are analyzed. The basic method is as follows:Based on the electric force acted on the charged particle under the non-uniform electric field,the dynamical equation of the charged particle is established,the moving equation of the charged particle is then derived analytically,the x- t and v- x images are drawn by verdure of the modern mathematics tool,mathematica,and finally,the moving characteristics of the charged particle is discussed.