湘南传统村落人居环境的营建模式

Construction Mode of Traditional Villages' Human Settlements in Southern Hunan

以湘南地区为地理单元,在分析该地自然地理条件和历史文化环境的基础上,探索该地传统村落人居环境的选址思想和营建模式。从选址思想来看,基于安全防御、农业生产、经济营建和风水观念的考虑,湘南传统村落多选址于地域环境相对独立或封闭的丘陵坡地或台地上;从营建模式来看,湘南传统村落人居环境追求"天人合一"的哲学思想,布局遵循传统礼制,实行自主互助并秉承经济实用的原则,发展体现区位择优的生长规律。

As the environmental crisis and energy issues are becoming increasingly prominent and living cultures are constantly convergent, study of construction modes of the traditional villages＇ human settlements is important for optimizing rural human settlement and deepening the construction of socialist new countryside. By taking Southern Hunan as geography unit, the location strategies and construction modes of the local traditional villages＇ human settlements were studied, which were based on the analysis of the natural geographical conditions and historical and cultural environments. Taking defense, agricultural production, economic construction and concepts of Fengshui into consideration, traditional villages in southern Hunan usually were located at sloping fields or platforms of hills where the geographical environment was relatively independent or closed. The construction modes of traditional villages＇ human settlements in Southern Hunan included pursuing the philosophy of ＂harmony between man and nature＂, abiding by the traditional etiquette, autonomous, coadjutant, economical and practical principles, reflecting the law of location selection when those villages were developing.