转型社区的治理难题与实践探索——以北京大兴区“村改居”Y社区为例

Governance Problems and Practical Exploration of Transitional Community:Taking Y Community of Beijing as an Example

转型社区是中国城镇化进程中出现的一种独特现象,也是一种新的城市社区类型,它是由于大都市向外快速扩张、大量动拆迁与村落合并而造成的一种新人口聚集现象。本文通过对北京大兴一个"村改居"社区的调查研究发现,这种社区在空间分布上多集中在城郊结合部,经济结构比较混杂,社会交往呈现出本地人与外地人两种截然不同的二元圈子,而且居民生活方式仍然保留着农村作息特征。更重要的是,这种转型社区还遇到一些治理问题,如新旧管理体制的协调、社会组织的缺失以及居民的可持续发展问题等。对此,Y社区进行一些有益的探索,比如,设置社区双轨制治理体系、实施社区组织再造工程以及通过市场机制来调控外来人口等。这些实践探索对当前此类社区建设与治理具有一定的借鉴意义。

Transitional community is a special phenomenon in the process of urbanization in China, and is also anew type of urban community. The reason, why it appears, is that the rapid outward expansion of the metropolitan,such as a lot of dynamic phenomenon in the new population relocation and village merger aggregation. Through theinvestigation of the Y community, the author fi nds that transitional communities is more concentrated in the suburbs,and social communication present two social circles, namely the locals and the outsiders. The residents＇ lifestyle stillretains the characteristics of rural areas. In addition, traditional communities also face many challenges. To solvethese problems, Y community has taken some effective measures, in particular to the community governance system,such as double systems, reengineering community organizations, and controlling population through the marketmechanism, which has important implications.